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考研英语作文写作攻略

时间: 2022-10-27 15:01 来源: 考研小编
  考研英语当中的作文应该怎么去写,超详细的攻略来啦。

我在作文上面走过弯路,山路十八弯那种,关于作文可以看两本书。

10月份入手一本王江涛《考研英语高分写作》:王江涛老师强调作文的复习方法是背诵,也就是你要熟练背诵20篇左右大小作文,以达到掌握作文写作方法的效果。但是我复习作文比较晚(都快12月了)所以这种背诵的方式不适合当时的我,因为我背的这些作文没有一个可以复用的框架。即便把这20篇作文记在脑子里面,但是如果遇到不一样的题目,还是不太会写。

所以当时我想的是,作文还是要梳理出自己的写作逻辑和框架,也就是作文写作的行文思路。第一段写什么,第二段写什么,段落之间有哪些可以用万能句,用哪些万能句,都要梳理出来。后来看了潘赟老师的课程,把属于自己的作文框架总结出来之后,我就开始扩充作文语料库,语料库主题分为梦想、环保、勤奋、创新、亲情、合作等英语大作文常考主题,在后面的备考中遇到好句子,就归类到相应的语料库并背诵熟练。

形成自己的作文框架和语料库之后,要多练习几篇作文,直至把自己的框架运用到如火纯青,这样不管遇到什么考试主题,都能在规定时间内写出一篇合格的作文。12月底初试,第一天的下午考英语,我先写的作文,就用的我的框架和语料库中的句子,很快就写出来了。然后我们开始说英语作文怎么写,现在还没有到写作文的时候,不过大家可以先收藏总会用到的。

其实英语大作文,无论什么话题,都可以总结为三类:

  • 正面话题
  • 负面话题
  • 中立话题

每一类都可以总结出写作思路,你需要做的事情是不断训练写作思路,直至如火纯青。以下是每个话题的写作思路,也是在潘赟老师的课程中整理的笔记,这里面分了正面话题、负面话题、中立话题的写作方法,比较好用:


开头段:1、话题引起+2、图画描述+3、图画总结

一、话题引起

1、越来越多的人意识到.....

There is a growing national awareness of …..(填词)

2、(中国)正在面临非常严重的...问题(负面话题)

The problem of … is more serious in no country other than China.

3、过去的数年见证了一个社会现象

The past several years have witnessed a social phenomenon that…..

4、近来,....常常登上报纸头条,这引发公众激烈讨论

Recently,it often hits the headline of the newspaper(媒体) that an increasing number

of people are doing sth,which has aroused a heated discussion among the public.

5、在中国无人不知,无人不晓这一现象

Almost no one in china can fail to notice the phenomenon that …..

6、近来,在公众当中有一个关于....的热门话题

these days,there is a hot topic among the general public concerning ….


二、图画描述=如图所示,基本公式

图画作文分为4种情况,遇到那种按照后面的步骤来写。

  • 单图:图画描述公式。
  • 单图+文字:图画描述公式,文字说明
  • 两图:图一公式,关联词,图二公式
  • 两图+文字:图一公式。关联词,图二公式,文字说明。

1、如图所示,

As is (vividly)shown in the (ridiculous) cartoon,

It is shown in the picture that…..

2、基本公式

(在)地点+动作+核心事物,doing sth,with+次要事物(n.)

With + n. +介词结构(表位置)

With + n. +doing(表主动)

With + n. +V-ed(表被动)

真题演练:2020,如图所示,在一张桌子旁坐着一位年轻的女士,她低着头,努力地工作着,桌上有两堆书。

As is shown in the cartoon,beside a desk sits a young lady,lowering her head and working hard, with two piles of files/books on the desk.

3、如果给出两幅图怎么办?独立句子分开描述图画。图与图之间用关联词衔接

图一描述,关联词,图二描述

关联词——两图关系

  • 通用:meanwhile,30 years ago
  • 相同:Similarly,likewise,furthermore,moreover,what’s more,even worse,more importantly
  • 相反:however,yet,on the contrary, by contrast, ironically ,regrettably,unfortunately.

真题演练:2017年,如图所示,在书架前坐着一个慵懒的年轻人,炫耀自己大量的书籍,然而,在书桌前坐着另一个男人,设定了一年的目标并且立即行动

As is shown in the cartoon,in front of the bookshelf sits a lazy young man, showing off his numerous books . Yet, in front of the desk sits another man ,setting a one-year goal and taking a timely action .

4、文字说明:

文字说明显示了,.....

The subtitle indicates: a good habit

2016,通过文字我们了解到:一个好的榜样堆小孩子的成长很重要

Form the captions,we are informed that a good role model plays a key role in kis’s growth .

2014,文字说明显示了,“相谐”


三、图画总结

1、尽管图画简单,但其寓意深刻

Simple as the picture is , the symbolic meaning is as deep as the ocean.

2、这个暗示不仅信息丰富,而且具有教育意义

The implication is not only informative, but instructive as well.

3、这幅图画所描述的似乎有一些夸张,这已经引起了社会广泛关注

What is depicted in the picture seems exaggerated ,which has attracted extensive attention of the society.

4、但是,这真是作者想要告诉我们的吗?当然不是了?

But is this what the author tries to tell us ?Certainly not .


四、具体意义(背1-2个)

1、毫无疑问,这位画家的目的是要告诉我们应该充分重视.....

Undoubtedly,the purpose of the drawing is to show us that due attention has to be paid to…..(主题名词或词组)

2、显然没这个图画象征性地揭示了日常生活中的一个现象

Apparently,the drawing symbolically reveals a social phenomenon in our daily life:……(句子/词)

3、这幅图画阐释了…(主题词)的真正含义,通过强调事实:….(主题词)是一种情感力量,这能够支撑我们,无论周围世界如何艰难。

This picture illustrates. The true meaning of ….,by stressing the fact that ….is emotional strength ,which can support us no matter how hard the world around us becomes .

4、画家想告诉我们什么呢?事实上,作者想告诉我们一个非常明显的事(主题词)人的成功而言极其有害。

What can we deduce form this picture?Actually,the author stirves to send out an abundantly clear message that …is of extreme detriment to one’s success.(of great importance to one’s success)

5、不言而喻,图画的象征含义是…这已经超越了图画本身

It goes without saying that its symbolic message that…has gone beyond the picture itself.


五、意义论证

意义论证的三种方式:

1、举例调查:

往往适用于正面话题,举典型案例或者名人案例来论证某一品质

=(1)引出例子+(2)例子本身+(3)例子总结+(4)科学调查

2、原因后果:

往往适用于负面话题,分析不好事情背后的原因,也可以正面中立话题论证,一般论证为什么好,为什么坏,为什么流行。

=(1)引出原因+(2)具体原因+(3)引出结果+(4)具体结果

3、对立观点:

典型例题:2009,2013

=(1)引出争议+(2)正方观点+论据+(3)反方观点+论据+(例子)

第1种:举例调查=引出例子+例子本身+例子总结(可省)+科学调查(数字

(1)引出例子

除了下面这个,我找不到更好的例子来证明了。

I can think no better examples than the following one(s).

我们人类历史上与这个话题相关的例子有很多,而下面这个是最有说服力的。

Our human history has been filled with a wide variety of examples of this topic(主题词), with the following one(例子名字) being the foremost。

在我听到看到经历过的所有与这个话题相关的例子中,最令我印象深刻的是:

Among all the touching facts relating to this topic that I have heard ,noticed ,experience ,the most impressive one is ….例子名字

(2)例子本身

A、某人,因在...方面的成功而著名,经常被人们记住他的....,这在其一生都散发着光辉.....

人名,honored for his / her success in …成就,is always remembered for his ....品质,which shines through every chapter/page of his life .

【例】科比:kobe,honored for his / her success in basketball sport ,is always remembered for his persistence and strong will ,which shines through every chapter/page of his life .

B、某人,一个....就是最好的例证,他在过去做了…这展示了她的...的能力。

人名,a ….,is a perfect example . He didi….in the past ,which shows his ……能力和特长

【例】Jack Ma,the CEO. Of Alibaba ,is a perfect example . He built up and developed Chinese cyber trade platform ,which shows his ability of creativity .

3、例子总结(可省略)

当前面的具体意义已经交代了背景时,这个例子总结就可以省略。

(1)…的例子告诉我们一个故事.....

The case of sth teaches us that….

The experience of sb teaches us that ….

His experience teaches us a wisdom:without a strong will, how could it be possible for his to meet all challenges and success?

(2)这只是我遇到所有案例中的一个,类似的故事每天都在上演

It is one of many example I have heard ,similar stories happen every day.

4、科学调查

目的:借助权威机构之口来证明前面的论点

注意:数据本身也是例子

使用:可以放在例子之后,也可以用在原因后果论证之后,也可以用在对立观点之后,做论据。

(1)根据最近一个权威机构的调查表明,....

According to one latest survey conducted by a certain national authority,….

A、almost …% of the people might hold the same view.(认同)

B、almost …% of the people might hold the same view. That...(认同的观点)

C、almost …% of the people might do similarly in the same situation .(同样的行为)

D、almost …% of the people might do sth .(做某事)

(2)最近一项调查可以支持我的观点,这项由…进行的调查,在调查了…(某人)之后,发现大部分S受访者宣称....

A recent survey back up my point,The survey conducted by ......after polling ....has found that a significant percentage of respondents claimed that …

第2种:原因后果=引出原因+具体原因+引出结果+具体结果(负面话题)

注意:分析原因的时候,正面话题分析为什么重要,负面话题可以分析为什么有害,中立话题可分析为什么流行。

1、引出原因

(1)除了以下几点,我找不到更好的理由了。第一,第二

I can think of no better reasons than the following ones ,Firstly ….,Secondly ,…..

(2)到底是什么产生了这个问题?这是个发人深思的问题,第一,第二

What exactly contributes to this phenomenon ,It is a thought-provoking question.To begin with ….In addition,….

【词汇】导致:contributes to ,account for

(3)考虑到这个问题的重要性/严重性/流行性,有必要支持其背后的原因

considering the significance / seriousness / popularity of the present situation ,we ought to point out the causes behind it.

(4)你可能会思考,为什么这个现象会发生呢?

Why,you may wonder ,does this phenomenon emerge?

2、具体原因

(1)To begin with,…might exert great influence on it .

(2)Firstly,…might cause the problem.

(3)Primarily,the reason for …is that …(句子)

[万能理由]

(1)关于....法律法规的执行可能...

Enforcement of laws and regulations about …(主题词)might be……

适用:

  • 正面话题:effective and efficient 有效和高效的
  • 负面话题:ineffective and inefficient 无效和低效的

(2)社会缺少关注导致

A lack of attention leads to….结果

(3)个人没有...的意识导致...

A lack of the consciousness of ….results in ….

(4)媒体:广告宣传

负面:The mass media might inappropriately or irrationally advertise/exaggerate this issue .

正面:The mass media might appropriately and widely advertise. Sth and lead/encourage sb to do sth.

3、引出结果

似乎不知一个直接或间接的影响与。。。主题词相关,这些我们无法忽视,第一、第二。

there seem to be more than one direct or indirect effects involved in(主题词),which none of us can fail to notice ,Firstly,….,Secondly,……

如果我们继续视而不见的话,上述问题会产生一些列的后果

The problem mentioned above is bound to generate severe consequences if we keep turning a blind eye to it.

4、具体结果(可省略)

方法1:重复问题或加重问题

方法2: 举例For instance,For example,such as …

(1)For example

(2)As a result, an increasing number of people. Have come to realize the fact mentioned above.

(3)The problem / situation mentioned above has come into being, which might become worse / better in the future.

第3种:对立观点分析(中立话题)

引出争议+(正方观点+理由和例子)+(反方观点+理由和例子)

1、引出争议(4选1即可)

(1)当谈及...仁者见仁,智者见智

when it comes to …views vary from person to person

(2)事实上,这幅有着双重意义的漫画提出了一个有争议的问题:这种现象是福还是祸,仁者见仁智者见智。

In fact,this comic with a dual meaning asks us a controversial question : is this phenomenon a blessing or a curse?Views might vary from person to person.

(3)关于是否...的问题,每个人观点不同

Concerning the issue of whether …,people’s views vary from person to person .

2、正方观点理由

For one thing,some people might hold the view that….

what’s more,they also claim that….

For example,….

3、反方观点理由:

For another, the rest might hold the other side of this picture.

Furthermore,they also argue that ….


六、意义总结

1、子非鱼,安知鱼之乐

How can you , not being a fish yourself, know the happiness of a fish?

举例:

2013How can you , not being a graduate student yourself, know the confusedness of him or her .

2005How can you , not being an old man yourself, know the loneliness of him .

2、如果没有这个事情的话,我们可能无法感受到生活的幸福(正)//然而,如果这个事情消极的影响继续发生的话,我们可能要付出昂贵的代价(负面)(结合中立话题)

Were there no such thing,never could we feel the happiness of life .Yet ,were the opposite facet of this situation to continue, we would pay a high price。


结尾段:

七、归纳总结(背1个)

1、考虑到这个(正面/负面)话题的方方面面,我们应该牢记:。。。。主题句(通用)

Considering every aspect of this positive/negative phenomenon ,we should keep in mind that ….

2、情况如此危急,解决这个问题刻不容缓(负面话题)

The situation being so serious ,it is high time that we took measures to solve the problem of ….

3、就…而言,如果不小心活着没有节制,…主题词可能会成为一把双刃剑(中立话题)

In terms of ….,if used carelessly or without restraint ,…could prove to be a double-edged sword.

4、为了...在我看来,需要所有的努力

To… in my eyes ,it calls for the efforts form all sides


八、建议措施

1、统一做法:扬长避短(中立话题)

(1)因此,我们应该取其精华,去其糟粕
Therefore,we should take advantage of the fruits and avoid the opposite facet.

(2)因此,正如常言道,我们应该吸取其精华,忽略缺点

We should ,therefore ,as the common saying goes,”absorb the essence and neglect the drawbacks”.

2、不同主体不同做法:固定主体+to do something

适用于正面、中立、负面话题

媒体宣传:

(1)the mass media ,such as radio, television and the internet ,should make every effort to propagate and advocate it .负面话题的话就是 prevent

(2)we must promote and popularize…..among the public from every detail in our daily life

政府立法:

(1)制定法律:it is essential that laws and regulations should be worked out and enforced to do sth…

(2)教育公民:The government has the responsibility to educate / encourage every citizen to do sth.

公民意识:

(1)社会公众提高...的意识。

The public should enhance the consciousness of ….

(2)我们应该采取实际行动做某事

We ourselves ought to take practical actions to do sth…

(3)….的培养有赖于社会每个成员的积极参与。

the cultivation of…depends on the active participation of every citizen of our society.


九、憧憬未来

1、如果所有措施付诸实现,前途一片光明。

If all the solutions are turned into reality, the prospect will become more desirable.

2、通过等待和希望,我们一定可以实现最终目标

Through /By waiting and hoping, we will be able to achieve our ultimate goal

3、伴随着恰当的法律和警觉的民众,问题迟早会被解决

With appropriate laws and alert public, it will only be a matter of time before the problem becomes a thing of the past(过眼云烟).

4、倒装句:Only with these measures taken can we do sth.

Except a more harmonious society

Make dreams come true

Make life more meaningful / colorful


十、补充名言警句(位置:替换1、7、9,或放在1之前或者放在9之后)

=谚语引出+谚语

【谚语引出】

1、众所周知

It is a thuth universally acknowledged that ….

2、毫不否认这一事实:.....

There is no denying the fact that….

3、”….”是老生常谈,但是我严重同意他

“….”is an old cliche’, but I agree with it.

4、人们常常说,“......”讽刺的是,说的容易做的难

People often say “......”.Ironically , it is easier said than done

5、改编一句名言,“......”

To twist a common saying,“…..“

6、Just as Confucius put it,”…..”

7、正如一句古老的阿拉伯谚语所言,“…..“

Just as an old Arab proverb says,”…..

【谚语】平时补充。



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